Electromagnetic Radiation Review Notes

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION:
FUNDAMENTALS & APPLICATIONS
by James A. Green, 2nd edition, Greenwood Research.

Hardback, ISBN-13: 978-1-890121-96-9 (ISBN 1-890121-96-7), $65.79 dollars.

The foundations of electromagnetic field theory with microwave, antenna, optical, and laser applications. Includes generalized radiation theory and applications to optics, lasers, antennae, magnetron theory, waveguides, generation of synchrotron radiation, quantum theory derivation of Maxwell's equations, and the history of Maxwell's equations. Also includes advanced technology applications such as beam- and null-steering with dipole arrays. The 2nd edition features improved typography, superior illustrations, and other improvements.

Introduction.
I. The Foundations of Field Theory.

Derivation of the Generalized Maxwell's Equations.
The Div-Curl Form of the Electroform Field Equations.
The Generalized Poynting's Theorem.
The Transformation of the Field Quantities B & E.
Derivation of the Equations of Motion.
The Electrostrong Model of the Nuclear Force.
The Electroweak Model of the Weak Interaction.
The Gluon Field and the Elementary Particles.
The Metric of Spacetime Around a Rotating Star.
The Mechanism of Galactic Jets and Quasars.
Electroform Cosmology Equations.
Relativistic Big Bang Equations and Solutions.
Electroform Role in Supernova Explosions.

II.The Electromagnetic Field.

Derivation of the Div-Curl Form.
Lorentz Invariance.
Self-Consistency: The Lorentz Condition & Light-Speed.
The Equation of Continuity.
The Equivalance of the Lorentz Condition and the
Equation of Continuity.
Long-Range Field Comparisons.
The Evolution of Maxwell's Equations and Their Integral Forms.
Boundary Conditions on the Field.

III. Electromagnetic Waves.

The 4-Potential Model for Field Wave Equations.
Coordinate-Independent Wave Equations of the Field.
The Wave Equations of the Light of BEing.
Derivation of the Wave Equations for B & E.
Field Orientation During Emission.
The Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves.
Reflection and Transmission at Boundaries.
Radiation Pressure.
The Refraction of Electromagnetic Waves.
Scattering and Absorption of Electromagnetic Waves.

IV. Blackbody Radiation.

From the Rayleigh-Jeans Law to the Planck Spectral Density.
Standing Electromagnetic Waves in a Cavity.
The Spectral Mode Density.
The Planck Spectral Energy Density.
Einstein's Derivation of Planck's Spectral Density.
Engineering Applications of Blackbody Radiation.
Gravitational Blackbody Radiation Frozen Out.
Other Quantum Ideas.

V. Radiation From Moving Bodies.

General Observations.
The Radiation from an Accelerating Charge.
Synchrotron Radiation.
Bremsstrahlung.
Cherenkov Radiation.
The Lorentzian Model for Atomic Linewidths.

VI. Ray and Physical Optics.

Curving Light.
A History of Optics - Reflection & Refraction.
Dispersion.
Basic Paraxial Optics.
Newton' Dispersing Prism.
Polarization.
Interference.
Diffraction.
Fourier Optics.
Radiation From Atomic Systems.

VII. Radiation from Antennae.

The 4-Potential and Radiation Modes.
The Dipole Antenna.
Magnetic Dipole Radiation.
Electric Quadrupole Radiation.
The Half-Wave Antenna & Other Current Distributions.
Antenna Arrays.
Microwave Antennas.

VIII. Electromagnetic Devices and Radiation.

The Magnetron.
Cavity Resonators.
Waveguides.

IX. Laser Radiation.

The History of Lasers and Masers.
Properties of Laser Light.
Radiometric and Photometric Quantities.
Laser Speckle and Interference.
Coherence.
The Fabry-Perot Inferometer.
Principles of Laser Operation.
Pumping the Laser to Create a Population Inversion.
The Threshold of Gain of Laser Operation.
Single Mode Operation.
Q-Switching.
Mode Locking.

Appendix A-E, Bibliography, and Index.

0.1 Portrait of Albert Einstein and quote on Maxwellian equations.
1.1 Stationary system K and translated system K'.
1.2 The Light Clock.
1.3 Sliding-bar diagram for deriving the equation of motion.
1.4 Meson formation from broken lines of the gluon field.
1.5 Lift and compression mechanisms of galactic jets.
1.6 Supernova Progenitor.
1.7 Portrait of J.Robert Oppenheimer with quote on electrogravity.
2.1 Portrait of James Clerk Maxwell with Maxwell's equations.
2.2 Solvay conference.
2.3 Displacement currents for electricity and gravitation.
2.4 Conducting loop with sliding bar arrangement.
2.5 Maxwell's displacement current & Stoke's theorem with capacitor.
2.6 Lines of Force & Equipotential Surfaces - Illustration by J.C.Maxwell.
2.7 Lines of Force Between two Plates - Illustration by J.C.Maxwell.
3.1 Portrait of Maxwell with quote on the speed of light.
3.2 Portrait of Faraday with quote on electrogravity.
3.3 Ripple of start-up current for material and charge currents.
3.4 Plane waves in the electroform model.
3.5 Right-circularly polarized wave.
3.6 Young James Clerk Maxwell and Line of Force Near the Edge.
3.7 The reflection coefficient for normal incidence.
3.8 Reflection and Refraction via Huygens wavelets.
3.9 Reflection and Refraction using the wavenumber k vector.
3.10 Planes of incidence and interface for Fresnel's Laws.
3.11 The Brewster angle.
3.12 Fresnel's formula for polarization of E in the plane of incidence.
3.13 Fresnel's eq. for polarization of E normal to the plane of incidence.
3.14 Larmor re-radiation in Thomson scattering.
4.1 Portrait of Max Planck with quote on the simplicity of Natural Law.
4.2 Special irradiance of the Sun as a function of wavelength.
4.3 The spectral distribution of blackbody radiation.
4.4 Planck's spectral distribution with Wein and Rayleigh-Jeans law.
4.5 Derivation of Stefan's Law.
4.6 Davisson & Germer of Bell Labs find De Broglie's matter waves.
4.7 Portrait of Erwin Schrodinger.
4.8 Portrait of Louis De Broglie.
5.1 "Les Mysteres des Infinis" by Grandville, 1844. Mark Twain.
5.2. The vector potential of a point charge.
5.3 Thomson scattering.
5.4 Synchrotron radiation from a particle in a circular orbit.
5.5 Soaring diagram of the Moon's motion from the Principia.
5.6 Green's predictions - Spectral distribution of synchrotron radiation.
5.7 Bremsstrahlung process and X-ray spectra with minimum energy.
5.8 The Mach angle for supersonic flight & Cherenkov radiation.
5.9 The linewidths of the Balmer spectrum of hydrogen.
5.10 Lorentzian power spectrum for spectral lines.
5.11 Portraits of Max Planck and Albert Einstein.
6.1 Optrix: Orion hurls his glass to the lip of the Gods.
6.2 Einstein-Huygens wavefront deflection.
6.3 The least-distance light propagation idea of Hero of Alexandria.
6.4 Catoptric, Dioptric, La Dioprique and Bellatrix in Orion.
6.5 Descarte's form of Snell's Law by the Huygen's wavelet method.
6.6 Refraction angles.
6.7 Optics Men of the 17th Century Enlightenment.
6.8 The Cartesian Oval.
6.9 Imaging from a Spherical Surface.
6.10 Focal points of a convex prism.
6.11 The Lens-Maker's Equation.
6.12 Virtual image formation associated with a convex prism.
6.13 Virtual image formation associated with a concave prism.
6.14 The magnification associated with a thin lens.
6.15 Double-convex, double-concave, plano-convex, and other lenses.
6.16 Spherical aberrations and the circle of least confusion.
6.17 Chromatic aberrations, lateral and axial.
6.18 The Geometry of Newton's dispersing prism.
6.19 Angle theorem for Newton's prism.
6.20 Portrait of Sir Isaac Newton by Sir Godfrey Kellner.
6.21 Polarization of microwaves by transmission through a wire grid.
6.22 Young's interference experiment.
6.23 Young's interference fringes.
6.24 The diffraction pattern of a single slit & single rectangle.
6.25 Bragg diffraction in aluminum foil illuminated by electrons.
6.26 The Bragg condition for diffraction.
6.27 Fraunhofer (far-field) diffraction from an aperture.
6.28 The Airy pattern with prominent central peak.
6.29 3-D models of the atomic wavefunctions.
6.30 Components of hydrogen atom wavefunctions.
6.31 Energy diagram for the hydrogen atom.
7.1 The apparatus of Heinrich Hertz for generating electromagnetic waves.
7.2 A dipole radiation field.
7.3 Initial Electromagnetic Wave experiment of Heinrich Hertz.
7.4 Atmospheric scattering and the direction of bluest blue.
7.5 Geometry of Magnetic Dipole Radiation.
7.6 The quadrupole oscillator pattern as a superposition of dipoles.
7.7 Geometry for derivation of the quadrupole field.
7.8 Phase difference rotation angle for gravitational antenna.
7.9 Antenna patterns of modified current distributions.
7.10 Spherical coordinates for an antenna array of N dipoles.
7.11 Broadside array patterns for N=12 and different spacings kd.
7.12 Grating lobes of array patterns with kd > 2*pi.
7.13 End-fire array patterns and beam steering.
7.14 The helical antenna for generating circularly polarized waves.
7.15 The evolution of the biconical antenna.
7.16 The geometry of focus for parabolic antennas.
7.17 Parabolic reflector geometry and construction.
7.18 Horn antenna beam width and beam gain as functions of parameters.
8.1 Portrait of Maxwell & quote on electrical engineering.
8.2 The cyclotron-frequency magnetron.
8.3 The traveling-wave magnetron.
8.4 Rectangular cavity resonator geometry.
8.5 Typical TE (transverse electric) modes in a cavity resonator.
8.6 Typical TM (transverse magnetic) modes in a cavity resonator.
8.7 Cylindrical resonator cavity mode structures.
8.8 Rectangular waveguide geometry.
8.9 Traveling waves associated with the TE₁₀ mode in a waveguide.
9.1 Portrait of the author with a few of his signs & a quote.
9.2 Laser beam divergence.
9.3 Michealson Inferometer & Fabry-Perot inferometer detail.
9.4 Laser pumping schemes.
9.5 Fabry-Perot Inferometer resonance effects in line-broadened lasers.
9.6 Time-Dependent spiking in the Ruby Laser Beam.
9.7 Single-Mode Operation with a tunable Etalon.
A.1 The light-clock.
A.2 The Gravitational Redshift Experiment.
A.3 The Einstein-Huygens Wavefront Deflection.
A.4 Computation of Deflection Normal to the Ray.
A.5 Falling-Ray Deflection added to Einstein-Huygens Deflection.
A.6 Falling-Ray Deflection with C a constant.
A.7 The Oblate Sun.
A.8 The Obliquity Precession of Mercury.
C.1 The Eye of Galaxy M51 in Canes Venatici.
C.2 The participants in the first Solvay Conference.
D.1 Primordial Mythology: The Legend of Lightspeed in Orion.
D.2 The Winter Constellations from Pole to Pole with Lightspeed myth.
D.3 "Relativity Teapot" of Sagittarius.
D.4 Micheal Faraday holding a magnet as if it were a fine cigar.
D.5 Early voltaic pile battery, invented in 1800, 1st steady-current source.